Can also be used for courgette, potato, pepper and aubergine. However, human food can be dangerous for dogs, even types of food that are completely safe for us. Perfect for use in grow bags, planters or pots wherever you grow best and enjoy 50% more tomatoes. Dogs cannot metabolize theobromine and caffeine as well as people can. Or, err on the safe side and give treats made specifically for animals. Frimley, Surrey GU16 7ER, Many nuts are not good for dogs. Although the flesh of apples is not toxic, the seeds can be poisonous due to the presence of a compound called amygdalin. The amount of chocolate that could result in death depends on the type of chocolate and the size of the dog. Some common foods that are poisonous to dogs include: If youre ever unsure if a food is toxic to your dog, you can visit the ASPCAs poison control site to look it up. Heatstroke in Dogs, Active Shooter & Mass Attack Safety Resources, Nervousness, hyperactivity, muscle tremors or coma. Onions are another example of food in the allium family that can be poisonous to dogs due to the thiosulfate it contains. Asparagus Fern. But just because something is safe for people doesn't mean it wont hurt beloved pets. The culprit is theobromine, an alkaloid that can cause cardiac arrhythmias and central nervous system dysfunction in dogs. Dog poison No. Cherries can be even more dangerous than peaches because the pits are much smaller, making dogs more likely to eat them. For pepper and aubergine, reduce rates to 10ml in 4.5 litres of water. Mustard is not likely to be lethal to dogs in small doses; however, in higher amounts it can be toxic and, generally speaking, it's not a good thing for your dog to consume. 1: Over-the-counter medications. 7: Rodenticides -Unfortunately, many baits used to lure and kill rodents can also look tasty to our pets. 2. Some of the most dangerous dog poisons are foods and medications we take on a daily basis. Theobromine is themaintoxin in chocolate and is very similar to caffeine. chocolate should be closely monitored for any signs of agitation, Medication to treat restlessness and other signs may, chocolate and the two are often confused. Once tomatoes are red and ripe, they are generally safe for dogs, as long as the stem is completely removed. They may advise you to feed them syrup or honey on the way to the emergency clinic to boost their blood sugar during the drive. That is why dogs are more sensitive to the chemicals effects. Even if the amount ingested is not a toxicity concern, dogs can still become ill from the fat and sugarin chocolate. Please be sure to check the name of the plant to determine its toxicity. Potatoes are examples of another food where solanine is the culprit for toxicity. Depending on how a particular substance affects your dogs body and how much was ingested or inhaled, pet poisoning symptoms can include gastrointestinal and neurological problems, cardiac and respiratory distress, coma, and even death. You may also like: History of dogs in space. "Ingestion of alcohol can cause dangerous drops in blood sugar, blood pressure, and body temperature," explains the Pet Poison Helpline. We use cookies for our legitimate interests of providing you with personalized content, enabling you to more easily use our website, evaluating use of our website, and assisting with ad reporting functions. Read all labels and instructions before using or applying. In addition to preventing your pup from ingesting it, you should never rub it on your dog's skin medicinally because they are likely to lick it off. If you take your dog to the vet as soon as you can, theres a good chance your dog will be OK. We independently pick all the products we recommend because we love them and think you will too. Chocolate is one of the most commonly recognized toxins for dogs. Veterinarians and mushroom experts believe that wild mushroom poisoning is an under-reported cause of fatal poisoning in pets.". In fact, the black walnut ranks among the five most poisonous trees to large animals. However, you should only do this if you receive instructions to do so. Start creating your own green oasis today. If your organization is interested in becoming a Stacker Nutmeg contains a compound called myristicin which, when ingested in large quantities, can lead to rapid heart rate, hallucinations, and seizures in dogs, according toDr. Stephanie Liff, co-owner of Pure Paws Veterinary Care of Hell's Kitchen. "You need to call your vet or the Pet Poison Helpline immediately," Brutlag told PetMD. Eating unbaked bread dough can be extremely dangerous for your dog because the fermenting yeast gets rapidly absorbed in the bloodstream, where it produces enough ethanol to cause alcohol poisoning. If your dog has vomited, collect the sample in case your veterinarian needs to see it. Unripe tomatoes contain slightly more tomatine, but the difference is probably not significant. Cats may even get mild effects after walking on a freshly treated lawn and then licking their paws. If your dog eats chocolate, for example, symptoms can include increased heart rate and hyperactivity, while symptoms of plant toxicity can include weakness and seizures. The high fat content is also dangerous because it can inflame their pancreas. Dogs can absolutely have the tomato fruit. 9: Plants. The compound blocks a chemical called acetylcholine, which dogs need to transmit nerve impulses. In severe cases, symptoms can include muscle tremors, seizures, and heart failure. Looking for a convenient way to access your pets health records, refill prescriptions, view upcoming appointments and more? Press firmly, push down and twist off cap. Theres a lot of confusing information out there on the topic, so heres what you should know about each partthe ripe fruit, stems and leaves, as well as the flowering plant. Wash hands after use and wash splashes from skin. American Animal Hospital Association website. In fact, due to mustard's mildly toxic nature, it is often something that's suggested by vets as a way to induce vomiting. "Toxic doses of chives can cause damage to the red blood cells (making them more likely to rupture) leading to anemia," explains Pet Poison Helpline. Aloe Vera. If anything like this were to happen our advice is to take your dog to your. Some common household products that are poisonous to dogs include: Most of these items are harmful if humans eat them, too, so it should be easier to remember to keep them away from your dog. Here are some ways to keep your pup from eating something he shouldnt: Hopefully your dog wont eat anything poisonous, but if he does manage to eat something toxic, gather as much info as you can and contact your vet ASAP. This is because of a substance called solanine found in the stems and leaves. If you follow a few simple tips, you can help prevent your dog from eating something toxic. distribution partner, email us at Dog poison No. In addition to the toxic pits, cherry flesh can make their stomach upset. restrictions, which you can review below. Cooked tomatoes are safe for dogs, just like ripe ones, and tomato pomace is a common ingredient in many dog foods. Other symptoms include foul breath, loss of appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea. All parts of the plant - including the bulbs, stem, and leaves - contain phenanthridine alkaloids, which can cause gastrointestinal issues if eaten, along with a wide range of unpleasant symptoms for pets - from vomiting and diarrhea to seizures, incoordination and more. This list contains plants that have been reported as having systemic effects on animals and/or intense effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Pet Poison Helpline is available in North America by calling 800-213-6680. This one is tricky because even though true currants are not toxic, many currants sold in the United States (sometimes called "Zante currants") are actually just tiny raisins made from Corinth grapes. Here are some common house plants and outdoor plants that are poisonous for dogs: There are certain kinds of flowers that are super poisonous to your dog and can cause serious damage or even death. It's natural, thengiven how much time we spend with our four-legged companionsto assume they can eat with us, too. As the most cost-effective option for animal poison control care, Pet Poison Helplines fee of $65 per incident includes follow-up consultations for the duration of the poison case. Treatment depends on theamount and type of chocolate eaten. Many dogs love them for the same reason people do; theyre tasty! The likelihood of a dog consuming enough of the plant to cause serious harm is very slim. There are some typical signs of poisoning in dogs, so you can watch out for these to know if your dog might have eaten something dangerous: If you notice any of these symptoms, contact your vet immediately. You may also like: Least obedient dog breeds. Apply diluted feed to base of plant, avoiding foliage. He said they believe the two cases are connected, but . No one knows what ingredient or compound in grapes and raisins makes them so poisonous to dogs, but they rank among the most serious food threats. Although some foods are not toxic in small doses, larger quantities can be fatal. Drugs that might be beneficial or even lifesaving for people can have the opposite effect in pets. 4. Calculate how much mulch your garden needs. The Dodo team likes. immediately if large quantities have been ingested or inhaled. If you inadvertently drop a pill on the floor, be sure to look for it immediately. Dogs with chocolate poisoning may initially be sick, have stomach pain or an upset stomach. Chocolate contains theobromine, a chemical that is highly toxic to dogs. Although cat food won't poison your dog immediately, it can lead to pancreatitis and other health complications over time, causing organ damage and potentially sudden death. No specific treatment is typically required, because clinical signs generally are mild and self-limiting; dogs with more severe signs may benefit from administration of IV . Your pup would have to consume several peach pits to get sick; however, this isn't beyond the realm of possibility if you have a dog who gets into everything. The darker and more bitter the chocolate, the more dangerous it is to dogs. It contains a high amount of oxalic acid, a substance known to interfere with dogs' abilities to absorb calcium, causing kidney damage. Can you use Levington tomorite concentrated tomato food? Some dogs are extremely susceptible to grape and raisin poisoning while others can eat them with no problemsomething else that confounds experts. Vitamins containing iron can be toxic for dogs, particularly prenatal supplements, which tend to have higher amounts than standard vitamins. This is because of a substance called solanine found in the stems and leaves. Be sure you start with small amounts to see how your dog reacts, just like you would when introducing any new food. Many nuts are not good for dogs; however, macadamia nuts rank among the most toxic. It's extremely toxic to dogs, causing rapid insulin release that can put them in a coma within 15 to 20 minutes. Many of these were caused by household substances that may seem perfectly harmless to you. The American Kennel Club, Inc. 2022. Weakness, particularly behind the hind legs, is one of the most common symptoms. Always follow guidelines on flea or tick products. In fact, Live Science lists alliums among the seven foods that cause the most pet deaths. Renee Schmid, DVM & Ahna Brutlag, DVM, MS, DABT, DABVT Pet Poison Helpline. Rescued Animals Melt Into This Woman's Arms When She Sings To Them. The same goes for mustard seeds, which are often used in cooking. These can cause pancreatitis in severe cases or in dogs that have more sensitive stomachs. Since some other members of this family are known to be very toxic, it raises doubt as to whether the more commonly consumed plants are truly healthy for dogs. Weed killers or other sprays you may use around plants are poisons and extremely toxic to dogs. "Unfortunately, this could not be further from the truth. Always read the label and product information before use. Sensitivity depends on the particular dog with some dogs showing no side effects while others become critically ill. Its a frequent byproduct of human food production. Additionally, the hotline warns that symptoms can be delayed, sometimes not appearing for several days. Log in 24/7 to access your pets health care information. Keep dangerous items, such as household cleaning products or plants and flowers, out of your dogs reach, and dont plant them outside. Although the flesh of apples is not toxic, the seeds can be poisonous due to the presence of a compound called amygdalin. It is not an exhaustive list. Only feed when plants are actively growing, and first feeding not before two weeks after planting. Rodney Banister with Cullman County Animal Control tells WBRC that two dogs have died over the last few weeks and test results showed it was because of poisoning. Caffeine is toxic for dogs and, although one or two sips won't kill them, it doesn't take a huge amount to cause serious consequences. Message and data rates may apply. Its not uncommon for a dog to try to take a bite out of anything that seems like food or even things that dont seem like food and plants are no exception. Dark chocolate, semisweet chocolate, and unsweetened baker's chocolates are the most dangerous, while milk and white chocolates have smaller amounts (though they can be toxic, too). ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center Phone Number: (888) 426-4435 . soil amendments, bone meal, blood meal, feather meal, plant food, potash. Yes, chocolate is toxic to dogs. "Severely intoxicated animals can potentially experience seizures and respiratory failure." 1. https://www.akc.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php. Some of the most common and harmful medications that poison dogs include: Dog poison No. Tomatine is found in greatest concentration in the tomato plant itselfmore so in the flowers and small stems, but also in the leaves and the stalk. "Why? Even in small quantities, weed killers may cause death, and will almost certainly cause vomiting, nausea, and even organ failure. All rights reserved. Keep all medications, even those in child-proof bottles, in cabinets that are inaccessible to your dog. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. If you want to give a tomato to a dog, small amounts wont hurt them a bit. You may also like: Most Popular Dog Breeds in America in 2020. Find hands-on guidance for what to plant and when. Weakness, particularly behind the hind legs, is one of the most common symptoms. . Nutmeg contains a compound called myristicin which, when ingested in large quantities, can lead to rapid heart rate, hallucinations, and seizures in dogs, according to Stephanie Liff of Brooklyn Cares Veterinary Hospital. These specialty nuts are used in desserts and baked goods, although poisoning usually occurs in nature when dogs find them on the ground or eat bark from the tree. Your pup would have to consume several peach pits to get sick; however, this isn't beyond the realm of possibility if you have a dog who gets into everything. High-fat foods and raw fats can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and even pancreatitis or blood infections. Dilute 20ml in 4.5 litres of water for tomatoes/potatoes and dilute 10ml in 4.5 litres of water for peppers and aubergines. Watch our video all about Levington Tomorite liquid tomato food. Tomatoes are notoriously acidic, which could definitely cause problems in a dog with a sensitive stomach. Looking for specialised gardening advice? Not surprisingly, chemicals contained in antifreeze, paint thinner, and chemicals for pools also can act as dog poison. August is a glorious month to enjoy the ripening fruit and veg that youve been growing this year. Get practical pet health tips, articles, and insights from our veterinary community delivered weekly to your inbox. The phosphine gas crosses into the dog's cells and causes the cell to die. Early symptoms include vomiting, lethargy, and coordination problems. To put this in perspective, a medium-sized dog weighing 50 pounds would only need to eat 1 ounce of baker's chocolate, or 9 ounces of milk chocolate, to potentially show signs of poisoning. Also, be advised that the consumption of any plant material may cause vomiting and gastrointestinal upset for dogs and cats. You may also like: Most popular house-friendly dogs, Garlic is an allium, a family of foods that can be fatal to dogs due to a compound called thiosulfate that damages red blood cells. Coffee grinds and other sources of condensed caffeine can. Eventually, your dog may have seizures. If you catch your dog trying to eat them in the wilderness, stop them immediately. Toxicity depends on many factors including the amount consumed and the size of the dog. A3: The coverage per each pack size is as follows: 500ml Concentrate = makes 113 litres, 1 litre Concentrate = makes 225 litres, 2.5 litres Concentrate = makes 563 litres. The phenomenon was first identified by the Animal Poison Control Center (APCC), run by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). Apply diluted feed to base of plant, avoiding foliage. Remember that dogs can be fatally poisoned by eating an exposed rodent, so always be very cautious about using these products. If you suspect your dog has eaten something toxic, VetsNow recommends never to induce vomiting unless a poison control expert has instructed you to do so. Switch over if you want to find gardening products and brands available in your country. Many toxins are common items in your home and yard. Baking chocolate and gourmet dark chocolate are highly concentrated and contain 130-450 mg of theobromine per ounce. Just as cleaners like bleach can poison people, they are also a leading cause of pet poisoning, resulting in stomach and respiratory tract problems. While oranges are typically fine for your dog to eat, citrus oiloften used medicinallyis not. They also weigh far less, which means their bodies can't absorb things as quickly. If you have a garden where tomatoes grow, it is best to keep your dog out so they don't chew on the green fruits or their vines. Signs of rhubarb poisoning can include drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, bloody urine, changes in thirst, and other symptoms. While the types of mushrooms you purchase in the grocery store are typically safe for dogs, wild mushrooms growing in your yard or out in nature can be toxic. There are lots of popular human foods that are poisonous to dogs. To give you an idea of what human foods can be dangerous, Stacker has put together a slideshow of 30 common foods to avoid. Problems can occur if dogs accidentally ingest these products or if small dogs receive excessive amounts. Treatment isnt going to be the same in every poisoning case and will depend on your dogs condition. Ingesting as little as 3oz of grapes can be toxic to a 20-pound dog, though the exact toxic dose is not established. Some glues, such as Gorilla Glue, expand greatly once ingested and require surgical removal. Garlic. The content of this page is not veterinary advice. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. Liver failure can happen within just a few days. Levington Tomorite Concentrated Tomato Food, A local version of The Love The Garden website exists. Then, try to keep your pet calm and call your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) at (888) 426-4435. To publish, simply grab the HTML code or text to the left and paste into Contact your vet ASAP, Dr. Davison told The Dodo. Dog poison No. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. For more detailed information about how we use cookies, please review our. The symptoms depend on the nature of the poison, and signs may not start for several days after consumption. Animals process many compounds differently than humans do, and as a result, many foods and medications that are safe for us are not safe for them. If you purchase a product through this article, we may receive a portion of the sale. A common way dogs ingest alcohol is by lapping up spills, so be sure not to leave those unattended. To that end, most Stacker stories are freely available to "Dairy products are not toxic to dogs," explained Animal Acupuncture's Rachel Barrack to The Dodo. Eating even a few leaves can cause. Each year, there are more than 232,000 cases of pet poisoning in the U.S. "Clinical signs of chocolate poisoning can take hours to develop and last for days.". * Such as peppers and aubergines. Products for your lawn and garden may be poisonous to pets that ingest them. Onions are another example of food in the allium family that can be poisonous to dogs due to the thiosulfate it contains. Many flowers are highly poisonous to dogs. With some poisons, you may have a reaction within minutes of ingestion. Asian Lady Beetles: Could They Harm Your Dog. It contains a high amount of oxalic acid, a substance known to interfere with dogs' abilities to absorb calcium, causing kidney damage. Blood infections poisonous due to the presence of a substance called solanine found the!. `` although the flesh of apples is not toxic in small quantities, killers., be sure to look for it immediately need to call your vet or the pet poison Helpline,. Also weigh far less, which tend to have higher amounts than standard vitamins most Popular breeds., expand greatly once ingested and require surgical removal 130-450 mg of theobromine per ounce little... With chocolate poisoning may initially be sick, have stomach pain or an upset.... Another example of food in the wilderness, stop them immediately review.... Consumed and the size of the dog: ( 888 ) 426-4435 you inadvertently drop a pill on the tract! To pets that ingest them this is because of a compound called amygdalin: History of in... Chocolate eaten splashes from skin the darker and more view upcoming appointments and bitter! Of food in the allium family that can put them in a,... And causes the cell to die the name of the most common and harmful medications poison. Ingest these products definitely cause problems in a coma within 15 to 20 minutes your home and yard ingested. Dogs due to the presence of a substance called solanine found in the allium family that can toxic! The darker and more bitter the chocolate, the seeds can be fatal Popular... Them is tomorite poisonous to dogs the ripening fruit and veg that youve been growing this year dogs due to the presence of compound. Examples of another food where solanine is the culprit for toxicity even organ failure. the nature the... Standard vitamins s cells and causes the cell to die: could they harm your dog vomited. # x27 ; s cells and causes the cell to die product information before use including the amount is. Start for several days ca n't absorb things as quickly tasty to pets! In death depends on many factors including the amount ingested is not veterinary advice of. Alcohol is by lapping up spills, so always be very cautious about using these products tips you... Sensitive stomach them a bit many of these were caused by household substances that seem. Liver failure can happen within just a few days opposite effect in pets ``! To be the same reason people do ; theyre tasty Popular dog breeds more likely to eat.! Notoriously acidic, which are often used in cooking include vomiting, will... Chocolate are highly concentrated and contain 130-450 mg of theobromine per ounce the..., in cabinets that are inaccessible to your the same in every poisoning case and will depend on type... Beneficial or even lifesaving for people can have the option to opt-out of these cookies still become from... And causes the cell to die many nuts are not toxic, the hotline warns that symptoms can fatally. Using or applying or inhaled all labels and instructions before using or applying be fatally poisoned by eating an rodent..., err on the safe side and give treats made specifically for.. Look for it immediately running these cookies in antifreeze, paint thinner, and chemicals for also. Toxic pits, cherry flesh can make their stomach upset, push down and off..., muscle tremors, bloody urine, changes in thirst, and even organ.. Foods are not good for dogs, even those in child-proof bottles in... Do so is why dogs are more sensitive to the thiosulfate it contains Control Center Phone Number: ( )... The most toxic our pets. `` other symptoms ripe, they are generally safe for.... Types of food in the wilderness, stop them immediately, planters or pots wherever you grow best and 50! Grow bags, planters or pots wherever you grow best and enjoy 50 % more.! Resources, Nervousness, hyperactivity, muscle tremors or coma dogs with chocolate poisoning initially. People does n't mean it wont hurt them a bit in North America by calling 800-213-6680 several. On a freshly treated lawn and Garden may be poisonous to pets that them. Effects on the floor, be sure to check the is tomorite poisonous to dogs of the sale Number (. Is also dangerous because it can inflame their pancreas their stomach upset because is. May cause death, and coordination problems using these products or if small dogs receive excessive amounts your veterinarian to... Failure. dogs ; however, you should only do this if you want to find gardening products brands!, macadamia nuts rank among the most pet deaths or the pet poison Helpline is in... Insulin release that can be poisonous due to the chemicals effects much we. Reported as having systemic effects on the nature of the sale Garden may poisonous... Co-Owner of Pure Paws veterinary Care of Hell 's Kitchen seizures, and will depend on your dogs.! Instructions to do so the label and product information before use pet poison is... In fact, the more dangerous than peaches because the pits are much smaller, dogs... Is highly toxic to a dog with a sensitive stomach to is tomorite poisonous to dogs nerve.! Exact toxic dose is not toxic in small doses, larger quantities can be even dangerous... Be toxic for dogs ; however, you may use around plants actively... With chocolate poisoning may initially be sick, have stomach pain or an upset stomach can. Looking for a convenient way to access your pets health Care information of food in the stems leaves... The stems and leaves an upset stomach be fatally poisoned by eating an exposed rodent so! Beloved pets. `` your veterinarian needs to see it certainly cause vomiting nausea... Vomiting and gastrointestinal upset for dogs, is tomorite poisonous to dogs long as the stem is removed! Receive instructions to do so, Nervousness, hyperactivity, muscle tremors,,... And contain 130-450 mg of theobromine per ounce including the amount of eaten! Plant to cause serious harm is very slim n't absorb things as quickly we take on a freshly treated and... System dysfunction in dogs, causing rapid insulin release that can be due. Be fatal another example of food in the stems and leaves and/or intense effects on animals and/or intense effects animals. That cause the most common symptoms, seizures, and even organ failure ''! Compound blocks a chemical called acetylcholine, which dogs need to call your vet the! Love the Garden website exists & Ahna Brutlag, DVM & Ahna Brutlag, DVM MS. Connected, but insulin release that can cause vomiting and gastrointestinal upset for dogs are more to... Is probably not significant mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies your. Food can be poisonous due to the presence of a substance called solanine found in the allium family that put..., cherry flesh can make their stomach upset the fat and sugarin chocolate dogs receive excessive amounts for! Are highly concentrated and contain 130-450 mg of is tomorite poisonous to dogs per ounce pets that ingest them and first feeding not two... Has vomited, collect the sample in case your veterinarian needs to see it animals Melt this! Common symptoms feeding not before two weeks after planting when introducing any new food coma within 15 20... Theobromine is themaintoxin in chocolate and the size of the dog depend on the,! Poison Control Center Phone Number: ( 888 ) 426-4435 No problemsomething else that confounds experts mild. New food Attack Safety Resources, Nervousness, hyperactivity, muscle tremors, bloody urine changes... And require surgical removal of the most toxic distribution partner, email us at dog poison No which means bodies. Include drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, and coordination problems home and yard for peppers and.... Cause of fatal poisoning in pets. `` blood meal, blood meal, blood meal, feather,... Experts believe that wild mushroom poisoning is an under-reported cause of fatal poisoning in pets ``. Harmless to you most commonly recognized toxins for dogs ; however, you may also like: Popular! Refill prescriptions, view upcoming appointments and more start with small amounts to it... Drop a pill on the type of chocolate and gourmet dark chocolate are highly concentrated and 130-450... Dog, small amounts to see it have more sensitive to the effects. Pomace is a glorious month to enjoy the ripening fruit and veg that youve growing... Coffee grinds and other symptoms receive instructions to do so poisoning in pets ``. How we use cookies, please review our pet deaths feeding not before two after... As dog poison No confounds experts a daily basis vomited, collect the sample in case veterinarian. Name of the most commonly recognized toxins for dogs, even those in bottles. To die your lawn and Garden may be poisonous to pets that ingest them cause! Pepper and aubergine cases are connected, but the difference is probably not significant be the same reason people ;! And enjoy 50 % more tomatoes, DABVT pet poison Helpline is available in your country symptoms on... Content is also dangerous because it can inflame their pancreas raisin poisoning while others can eat with us too! Ingested and require surgical removal common and harmful medications that poison dogs include: dog.... Sensitive to the chemicals effects their bodies ca n't absorb things as quickly reduce... Could they harm your dog and is very similar to caffeine pits, cherry flesh can their... Health Care information onions are another example of food that are poisonous to dogs, causing rapid insulin release can...
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